Scari



F. LEYPOLDT.

Scarific'ator.

Patented May 20,1851.

N, PETERS. PHDTKLLITHOGRAPHER. WASH FREDERICK LEyPoLDT, 0E NORTHERN LIBERTY, PENNSYLVANIA.

SCARIFICATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,095, dated May 20, 1851.

To all whom it may. concern Be it known that I, F REDERICK LEYPO DT, of the Northern Liberties, county of Ph1ladelphia, in the State of Pennsylvan1a,have invented new and useful Improvements-1n the Surgical Instrument Qalled scarlficator; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full and exact descriptionof such 1nstrument asimproved by me, reference being had to the drawings herewith as part of this specification.

A metallic or other case, of proper size and shape and of sufiicient strength, for containing the following works, is made 1n two sections or parts horizontally; the top section (Figures 2 and 6 in the said drawings) sliding over and fitting upon the upper edge of the lower section (Figs. if), 4 and 5). In the center of the bottom, inside of the lower section, is a pivot (a, Figs. 4 and 5) perpendicular to the surface, and hollow for a purpose hereinafter described.

A strong fiat lever (12 and b in Fig. 4; and of which a edge view, with notches, catches or shoulders therein is Fig. V) has its broad side. lying upon the inner surface of the cases bottom, and its handle eX-,

tending through an open space or aperture (y Fig. 8) far enough to afford lever-power to bend the spring nextmentioned; it has.

a round holerin its middle to fit on said pivot, on which it turns, and nearly touches with its end, farthest from its handle, the

inner side of the case opposite said aperture.

On one side of the saidlever is the said spring (0 and 0 in Fig. 4) lying on the cases bottom, and held there by 1ts own pressure and by the steel plate, hereinafter mentioned. The moving end of j said sprlng presses againstthe lever, inside the case, as nigh as possible to 1ts end or handle. On the levers other edge or side, but nearer to itsmiddle than to its end, are shoulders, notches or catches, into which fits the end of a trigger (d and (Z in Fig. 4:) when the scarificator is cocked (or set for an operation). This trigger, as thick as the lever, lies on the cases bottom, nearly along the levers side, and turns on a pin Fig. 4c) fast in the cases bottom; the trlggers other end is curved and extends from thecase through a hole (1' Fig. 7) in the cases adjoining side, terminating in a button pressure, toward thecase, on the button, withdraws the trigger from the said catch or shoulder in the lever, and causes the said and these slide-racks their respective functions. right angles with the said slides are shafts spring to move the lever on its pivot back into its resting position (Fig.4). Between the trigger and the side next thereto of the case, lies a small spring (9 and g in Fig. 4) on the bottom of the case, nearlyparallel with the trigger, which it pressesinto any of the said shoulders or notches on the levers edge, when the lever is drawn back in order to be cooked. t

Crossing each. end of the lever, within,

and close to opposite sides of, the case, is

a steel slide-rack (Fig. 9) about three eighths of an inch shorter than the cases sideagainst which it slides (its length being proportionate to the scarificators size) (hand it in Figs. 4; and 5) have a notch in themiddle of the under side of each, as deep as thelevers thickness, and fitting loosely over the levers ends. On the upper edge of each slide a rack of teeth or cogs is out (as many teeth as the scarificators number of shafts, in a set of them, requires) and these teeth are on reversed opposite ends of the two slides.

On the inner side of each end of both slides near their lower edge,a metallic pin projects, ranging and level with the upper surface of the lever; and over the said four pins, lever, springs and trigger is horizontally fitted a thin steel plate (k and 7c in .Fig. 3) filling the length of the case, and

its. breadth between the said slides, which it allows to move, endwise only, between its opposite edges and the sides next to them, of the case. This plate is fastened to the cases bottom by two screws (Z and Z Z, in Fig. 3)

one near each end thereof; and thus fastened,'1t keeps the lever, trlgger, sprlngs and slide-pins securely in -the1r respective places between it and the cases bottom, but.

loosely enough to allow them to perform Above and at (Fig. m is one of them, bare; and n, a shaft with scarifiers and washers fastened thereon, as also a in Fig. 3) e'xtendlng across the case and turning'on their pin-ends, in holes near the upper edge of the lower section of the case.

Of these shafts there are two sets, or

or cogs of a different slide-rack, to make the scarifiers cut in contrary directions. Upon each shaft is fastened any requisite number of blades, lancets or scarifiers (Fig. 0 and 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, in Fig. N) having a square hole in the thicker end, to fit on the shaft, whereon they are fastened by metallic washers (Fig. X and the transverse section of one is Fig. W) fitting on the shaft between the blades, and then a nut (Fig. S, and S in Fig. N,) screwed on the shafts end. The narrow strips (j and j Figs. 5 and 3) in the upper edge (of the lower section of the case) above the holes in which the nut-ends of the shafts turn, moves outward, on a hinge or pin in one end thereof, so as to let the shafts be removed and replaced; and that hinged strip, being shut back into its place, looks the shafts in their places; and then that whole side of the case is outside even, as if of one piece.

The above arrangement of the slides and shafts gives each set of shafts (or each shaft, when but two) on the opposite sides of the lever a simultaneous motion in contrary directions, the pinions of each set (or those of each shaft) being on opposite or reverse ends and working in different slideracks; but, if the motion of all the shafts in the same direction be preferred, all the pinions are to be on the same or coinciding ends of the shafts and to work in only one slide-rack (Fig. 9) and one slide only is then requisite; and the said plate, in that event, is left broader, by one slides thickness, and it touches three of the inner sides of the case, instead of two of them, as when in contact with two slides.

Through the top of the case are the usual open slits, of proper size and arrangement to let the blades or scarifiers protrude through them, when the shafts turn. To regulate the depth of incisions to be made by the scarificator, a center-screw (Fig. P, and pin in Figs. 1 and 8) reaches, from the outside of the cases bottom up through the said hollow pivot (on which the said lever moves) and through the said plate, at the upper surface of which a pin (71 Fig. 3)

passes through the center screw and prevents its coming out of the hollow pivot. The center screw s upper end or point reaches the under surface of the cases top section, where there is a nut (Z, Fig. 6) fastened, into which the said center-screw screws; and by turning the center-screw the top part or section of the case is raised or lowered, so that more or less of the length of the blades or scarifiers protrudes, as the operator chooses to make deeper or shallower incisions. I

The works or parts aforesaid being combined and applied as aforesaid, the operator drawing back the handleAFigs.1,2,3, and 4,) of the lever, as far as it plays, will cook or set the scarificator for an operation, and its top surface being applied to the part of the patient whereon he means tooperate, a slight pressure, toward the case, upon the outer end or button of the trigger, raises the lever, which moves the slides in opposite or contrary directions, which turn the shafts with their scarifiers, blades or lancets, causr ing them to spring back into rest; and thus this delicate and usually painful operation is performed instantaneously, accurately, safely and neatly.

The small size of this scarificator makes it more portable and convenient; and the variety and eflicacy of its operations render it more useful than any heretofore used; while its simple construction materially re duces its cost, puts its benefits Within the reach of all and renders it more durable, safe and reliable, than any other yet used.

WVhat I claim as my invention and wish to secure by Letters Patent, is The use of the said hollow pivot, lever, and slideracks combined and arranged as described, secured in their proper places by the plate and screws and operating in connection with the trigger and springs substantially as herein before specified.

FREDERICK LEYPOLDT.

Witnesses:

STEPHEN H. SIMMoNs, DAN MOLAUGHLIN. 

